Especially for young men progressive hair loss can be distressing. Therefore, understanding of these patients' concerns is important for appropriate management.

Current understanding of the pathophysiology of AGA mainly focuses on androgen metabolism as it affects hair growth.

As a result, pharmacologic treatment has made considerable progress through the introduction of selective 5 alpha-reductase inhibition with finasteride. In placebo-controlled clinical trials in men with AGA, treatment with oral finasteride proved to be effective.

Minoxidil is the only pharmacological substance for topical application with proven efficacy. So far, other treatment modalities have no proven efficacy in clinical trials, so that their use cannot be recommended.

Options for advanced AGA not amenable to pharmacologic treatment are autologous hair transplantation and hair replacement, both of which have recently also made progress in terms of cosmetic appeal.